Piston packing



Patented 'N'ov. v10, '1925.

UNITED STATESA PATENT OFFICE.

WALLACE lMATER' HOIITLDSWORTH,i OF ROYAL OAK, MICHIGAN.

PIBTON PACKIN application mea nay 19, 1924. serial No. 714,231.

To all whom it may co'ncem.'.

Be it known that I, WALLACE M. HoULns- WORTH, a citizen of the United States, residing at Royal Oak, county of Oakland, State of Michigan, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Piston Packings, and declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same, such aswill enable others skilled inthe artv to which it pertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompany# ing drawings, which form a part of this specification.

My invention relates to improvements inpiston packing.

An object is to provide improved piston packing adapted to retain compression within the cylinder in which the piston is working, prevent oil pumping, and stabilize the piston in the cylinder to pbviate what is commonly termed piston slap.,

locating member, which member also exertsv pressure on the packing rings to hold them outwardly against the cylinder and laterally yagainst the side walls of the groove. This ex ansible member is so vformed as to exert su stantially` uniforml pressure upon the packing rings throughout their circumference.

My improved packing consists of a. plu-V rality, preferably a pair, of co-operating ring sections havin vconical meeting faces and'conical inner aces which intersect to form a grooved inner face for the combined packing. Within this groove islseated an expansible member, preferably one having a plurality of bearing oints cut on a radius contacting the conical inner faces of the respective rin sections which form the groove inthe combined packing2 to exert radial and 'axial pressure on said ring sections thereby holding them outwardly against the cylinderV wall and laterally against the side walls of the groove.

Each'ring section is split and when the .ring sections are arranged in the packing groove the splitends thereof are disposed on opposite sides of the piston and the meeting ends of each ring section overlap.

These overlapping end portions are prcvided with beveled or conical tongues which tongues are adapted to' form a joint suchas will seal the meeting ends of the ring sections. An oil groove is provided which terminates at a point spaced slightly from each of the meeting ends of the ring sections thereby preventing seepage therefrom between the separated ends of the ring sections.

TheA above objects' and` others together with details of the preferred construction will appear more fully from the followingl specification, accompanying drawings and .appended defined.

In the drawings,-

Figure 1 is a horizontal section through a piston at the groove showing my packing therein.

Fig. 2 is a fra claims in which my-invention 'is entary side elevation of a pac g.

' Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken on.

line 3-3 of Fig. 2. I

Fig. 4 is across-sectional view taken on the same line of Fig. 2 as Fig. 3, showing an expansible ring locating member to exert pressure against the ring sections.

Fig. 5 is a fragment'of a perspective of one of the ring sections showing the meeting ends.

Figa-6 is a .fragment of-a perspectiveof the co-operating ring section showing its meeting ends.

Fig. 7 is a perspective of a fragment Vof one of the ring sections showing the notch to receive an end of the locating member. Fig. 8 is an elevation of a fragment of an expansible ring locating member.

Figs. 9,10 and 11 are cross-sectional views taken on the corresponding section lines of Fi 8. y improved packing comprises, as shown in the figures o the drawin a pair of cosections seate in'a provided operating ng lston provi ed with my improved groove 10 of a piston 12, which .piston is 11 types ofconstruction.

mounted in cylinder 14. This piston Amay be provided with rsuch a number of rings as is found most suitable and the-rings may be of such size as is desired andthe groove may be made of any suitable width. Y

My ring sections are indicated'as 16 and 18. Section 16 is triangular in cross-section and has a cross-sectional area. substantially in the form of a right-angle triangle. Section 18 has a cross-sectional area in the form of a polygon. The two 4ring sections have beveled or conical meeting faces 16a and 18a respectively. The conical meetin face 16 of ring' section 16 is preferablyormed-by avportlon of the diagonal face of such ring section. The co-operating face 18a of ring section 18 is a conical outer face formed on vthe ring section, which intersects the outer periphery of such ring section and also intersects a beveled or conical inner periphery 18b of said ring section 18.

When the ring sections areA held radially outwards either byvirtue of their inherent expansive tendency, as appears in Fig. 3, or by means of an expansive member 20, as illustrated in Fig. 4, the contact formed between the face 16a and 18a tends to cause such ring sections to expand axially within the groove, thereby wedging the ring sections tightly againstthe sideA walls of the groove .and form leak-proof joints at such points. U -V 1 The conical inner face 18" of ring' section 18 intersects the conical faceof ring sec-l tion 16" and co-.operates with the lower portion thereof to form a grooved inner face yfor thel combined packing. An expansible spring member 20 is seated within this groove and exerts ressure outwardly on thev ring sections and aterally by virtue of engagement with the conical i'nner vfaces of said sections whereby the ring sections are held outwardly against the cylinder wall and laterally against the side walls of the groove.

en my improved packing is used with a spring member such as member 20l a oreferred form of construction 1s to provide a .ring section 18 somewhat smaller in crosssectional area than the gap in the groove it is to fill. The two rings ,16, and 18 are,

therefore, held. outwardly` against the cylinder wall, each ring having a'bearing thereagainst.` Ring section 18- has a relativelylsmaller cylinder wall engagin face than ring section 16 andwears more rapidly during the initial period of wear so as to quickly conform tothe outof-round condition of the cylinder should such exist. vAfter an initial wearing period the two ring sections come'into contact upon their conical faces 16a1 1d18. This spring member 20 may be of di'erent is illustrated as being in the form of a round spring wire. This spring member is pref- In Fig. 4 member 2O erably corrugated asshown finfFig. 1, and

exerts substantially uniform outward pres# sure on the ring sections` tohold them at all points against the cylinder wall, and further,

v exerts a similar lateral pressure on the ring lspring structure ofthe same general corrugated form andk shaped originally from4 a round ring. This yaspri-ng ,structure when formed has across-sectionalarea'at different Yoint's throughoutk itslengtlnas appears in Figs. 9 toll .inclusivaywAt'those points Where it engages the kbottom of :the groove in the piston itv is 'convex,f jas appears in Fig. 9, and at those" points .on'ithe opposite side of the structure wh'elr'itfengages the packing rings it isalsojfconvex, asf appears in Flg.v 10. Intermediate these-#bearing points the spring is flattened Aasappears in Fig. 11. This type of spring-is, particularly suitable in that it presents at lits krespectivebearing points'a relativelylarge convex surface and exerts a'v substantially )uniform pressure against the packingrings.

I prefer to provide each split ring section with stepped overlapping meeting ends, as-shown in Figs. 5 and 6. The overlapping end portions have beveled or conical meeting faces which are substantiallyvparallel the `conical inner faces v.of the respective ring sections. These .overlappln end p ortions I' are of aldiferent len th as s own in Fi 1; e

so that a gap is formed between' the end of :the lower tongue portion and tho opposite shoulder of the meeting endof the ring.

. The spring member 2O is turned outwardly at one end as at 30 to engage in the' gap be- Itween the opposed ends of one of `the' -ring sections such as' 16. The co-operating ring 4section is provided vwith a notch or recess 32 which registers with the gap in the first ring section. The outwardly-turned end 30 of the spring member engages in the gap of the one ring section and also in this notch 32 of the co-operating ring section. The ring sections are thus held against relative rotation in the-packing,y groove. The meeting ends of the two ring sections are preferably disposed at opposite sidesA of thepiston.

extremityof its inner conical face to form an oil groove 34. Thisring section is cutaway throughout its length to a point spaced therein, as shown in.

I cut away one ring section atthe outer groovewithout per-i What I claim is:

1. In piston packing, a piston having a groove for packing, a pair of expansible cooperating packing rings in said groove, said rings havingl conical meeting faces and conical inner faces, which conical inner faces form a groove on the inner periphery of the combined packing, said ring sections being of such cross-sectional 'area that when initially installed in the packing groove a slight annular gap exists between the conical meeting faces thereof, the ring sections adapted to wear within a. limited period of use to close such gap.

2. In piston packing, a piston having a groove for packing, a pair of expansible cooperating packing rings insaid groove, said rings having conical meeting faces slidably engaged to wedge the said sections against the side walls of the groove upon relative radial movement of one section relative to the other, and conical inner faces, forming a groove on the inner periphery of the combined packing, and a spring member seated in said groove to exert pressure on 'said ring sections.'

3. In piston packing, a piston having a groove for packing, a pair of expansible cooperating packing rings in said groove, said rings having conical meeting faces and conical inner faces, which conical inner faces form a groove on the inner periphery of the combined packing, a spring member seated in said groove to exert pressure on said ring sections and engaging the ring sections to prevent relative rotation, one of said rings having its conical meeting face and conical inner face in substantially the same plane.

4. In. piston packing, a piston havinga groove for packlng, packing in said groove comprising a pair of split co-operating ring sections having conical meeting faces and conical inner faces, which conical inner faces form a groove on the inner periphery of the combined packing, a split spring member seated in said groove having one end engaging one of the ring 'sections at the split and a recessformed in the co-operating ring section to prevent relative rotation cf said ring sections. l

5. In piston packing, a piston having a groove for packing, packing in said groove comprisinga pair of split expansible ring sections having conical 'meeting faces, one of said ring sections being generally triangular in cross-section and 'having a conical inner face, the other ring section having an outer conical face engaging the outer annuing, and an expansible member disposed in said groove to exert radial and axial pressure Yon said packing rings.

7. In piston packing, la piston having a groove for packlng, packing in said groove "comprising a pair of cooperating ring sections having conical inner 'faces which form an' annular grooved inner periphery for the combined packing and an expansible spring member seated in said groove and shaped to seat ata plurality of spaced-apart points against the packing ring sections and against the bottom of the groove in the piston, said expansiblespring member having convex surfaces bearing against-the packing rings and against the bottom of the groove in the lpiston and provided intermediate said convex bearing points with flat portions.

8. In piston packing, a piston having a groove for packing, packing in said groove comprising a pair of ring sections having conical meeting surfaces, one of said sections being substantially triangular in crosssection, and having a conical inner face, the second ring section having a cylinder-engaging face and an outer conical face intersecting said cylinder-engaging face and forming a meeting face to co-act with the conical face of the first ring section and an inner .conical face which intersects the outer conica-l face and forms a conical face for the ring section which co-operates with the inner annular portion of the conical face of the first ring section to lform an inner grooved periphery for the combined packing, and an ex^ pansible member disposed within the groove -of said inner face to exert outward pressure on the two packing rings, said second ring section having such a cross-sectional area that when the combined packing is initially installed each ring section is held outwardly independently against the cylinder wall.

In testimony whereof, I sign this specification.

WALLACE MATER HOULDSWORTH. 

